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Since then it has been refactored and some aspects reimagined into what it is today by a team of developers heavily influenced by members of the MWR Red Team. The first proof of concept of C3 was presented at BlueHat v18 by William Knowles and Dave Hartley.

Thus, empowering Red Teams to emulate and simulate an adaptive real-world attacker. This efficiency and reliability enable Red Teams to operate safely in critical client environments (by assuring a professional level of stability and security) whilst allowing for safe experimentation and rapid deployment of customised Tactics, Techniques and Procedures (TTPs). It allows the Red Team to concern themselves only with the C2 they want to implement relying on the robustness of C3 and the CS tooling to take care of the rest. It's a framework that extends other red team tooling, such as the commercial Cobalt Strike (CS) product, which is supported at release. It is a tool that allows Red Teams to rapidly develop and utilise esoteric command and control channels (C2). It may be possible to create a proof-of-concept C2 implementations – and many of these have been created and shared within the security community – but there was a lack of a robust framework which allows safe experimentation with communications and was interoperable with industry standard tooling.Ĭ3 was built in response to this requirement.

Red teams performing adversary simulation exercises and purple team engagements should be able to demonstrate similar C2 capabilities whilst maintaining client security. Examples of legitimate services that have been seen used in real-world attacks include Outlook, Instagram, Google Drive, Photobucket, Telegram. This evolution of C2 has been observed in real-world attacks with threat actors resorting to using social media and other cloud services to try and blend in with legitimate traffic. The bar has been raised and attackers have been forced to adopt new techniques to hide in plain sight. This is emphasised by two out of the twelve columns of Mitre ATT&CK being related to this area, ‘Command and Control’ and 'Exfiltration’. It is no surprise then that organisations have been imposing more controls against what types of communications are allowed from systems and a priority has been placed on defensive teams to be able to effectively detect C2.

It is therefore arguably one of the most important parts of the cyber kill chain because without it any payloads that are successfully delivered operate blindly, cannot provide network level pivoting and near real-time interaction. Attackers must establish command and control (C2) to gain influence within their target environments in order to pursue their goals and objectives.

Hello neighbor alpha 2 how to bind commands